Overcrowded windmill hamlet stirs controversy over tourist influx
In the picturesque village of Zaanse Schans, near Amsterdam, a contentious issue has arisen: the implementation of an entrance fee for the iconic windmills and traditional houses. The proposed fee, estimated at around €17.50 (approximately US$20), aims to manage overtourism, preserve the heritage buildings under "severe pressure," and improve the overall experience for visitors [1][2].
The site, which was created in the post-World War II era to preserve traditional timber construction, has grown into a national symbol of overtourism. Today, it attracts approximately 2.6 million tourists annually, a figure expected to rise to three million in the coming years [8]. Long queues and crowds are common during tourist season, with buses bringing in day-tripping tourists throughout the day [7].
Arguments for the entrance fee
Local authorities argue that the fee is vital for the protection of the historic buildings and the cultural landscape from damage caused by excessive tourist footfall [1]. By charging an entrance fee, visitor numbers can be better managed to prevent overcrowding and improve the experience for tourists and locals alike [1][2]. Additionally, the revenue from ticket sales could fund maintenance, conservation efforts, and infrastructure improvements in the area affected by mass tourism [1].
Arguments against or concerns
One of the primary concerns is the potential impact on public accessibility. Until now, the entire windmill village and surrounding area have been publicly accessible and free, contributing to its popularity [1][5]. Charging a fee might restrict spontaneous visits and change the character of this open heritage site. Some tourists and observers may view the fee negatively as it limits free access to a cultural icon and may be seen as a form of "tourism tax" [1].
Currently, some museums and specific windmills within Zaanse Schans charge separately for entry, but access to the general outdoor area has been free [5]. The introduction of a general entrance ticket marks a significant shift aimed primarily at sustainability and managing overtourism [1][2].
Local resident and businesswoman Ingrid Kraakman, who operates a cheese shop in the area, opposes the proposed entrance fee. She fears that the fee would reduce spending, as a family of four would pay around €80 with parking at Zaanse Schans [3]. The Kraakmans have collected over 2,000 signatures for a referendum on the entrance fee issue, but their push has not been addressed by the town hall [6].
The council has pledged that the site will remain free for locals and that there will be no physical fence around the area [4]. Despite this assurance, concerns persist about the potential impact on the local economy, which is heavily dependent on tourism, with around 80% relying on it [2].
In a village where the first mill and house were relocated in 1955 and 1958, respectively, and the site was officially opened by Queen Juliana in 1972 [9], the debate over the entrance fee raises questions about balancing free public access with the need to control and maintain a popular tourist destination.
Tourists and locals alike argue that the introduction of an entrance fee for Zaanse Schans could potentially improve the overall experience by managing overcrowding and funding maintenance, conservation efforts, and infrastructure improvements. On the other hand, concerns have been raised about the impact on public accessibility, with some fearing that the fee might restrict spontaneous visits and change the character of this open heritage site, as well as potential negative effects on the local economy heavily dependent on tourism.
